The stages of ethical hacking, also known as the ethical hacking methodology, typically involve the following steps:
1.- Planning and reconnaissance
In this stage, the ethical hacker creates a plan for the hacking engagement and gathers information about the target, such as its network architecture, system configuration, and security measures.
2.- Scanning
In this stage, the ethical hacker uses various tools and techniques to scan the target’s network and systems for vulnerabilities and weaknesses. This can include using port scanners, vulnerability scanners, and other tools to identify potential targets for further testing.
3.- Gaining access
In this stage, the ethical hacker attempts to gain unauthorized access to the target’s network or systems by exploiting the vulnerabilities identified in the previous stage. This can involve using tools such as password cracking software and exploits to gain access to the target’s systems.
4.- Maintaining access
In this stage, the ethical hacker focuses on maintaining their access to the target’s network or systems, and on escalating their privileges to gain access to additional resources and information. This can involve using techniques such as privilege escalation and lateral movement to move around the target’s network.
5.- Covering tracks
In this stage, the ethical hacker covers their tracks to avoid detection by the target’s security systems. This can involve deleting logs and other evidence of their activities, and using encryption and other methods to conceal their actions.
6.- Reporting
In this final stage, the ethical hacker provides a detailed report to the target, outlining the vulnerabilities and weaknesses they identified, and providing recommendations for improving security. This report can help the target to improve their defenses and protect against future attacks.
Overall, the stages of ethical hacking involve a systematic and methodical approach to testing the security of a target’s network and systems, with the goal of improving their defenses and protecting against malicious attacks.